EventContext type import for Cloudflare Pages
Import EventContext from 'hono/cloudflare-pages': import type { EventContext } from 'hono/cloudflare-pages'. Use it to type the Bindings in route handlers.
context
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Access Cloudflare Workers bindings in Hono
Define a Bindings type with environment values, KV namespaces, R2 buckets, or Durable Objects, then pass it as a generic to Hono: `const app = new Hono<{ Bindings: Bindings }>()`. Access bindings in handlers via `c.env`.
Bindings type definition example
Define bindings type with properties like R2 buckets and strings: `type Bindings = { MY_BUCKET: R2Bucket; USERNAME: string; PASSWORD: string }`. Then pass to Hono generic and access in handlers like `await c.env.MY_BUCKET.put(key, c.req.body)`.
Auto-generate Cloudflare bindings types
Run `wrangler types --env-interface CloudflareBindings` to auto-generate a `worker-configuration.d.ts` file from your `wrangler.toml`. Use the `--env-interface` flag to avoid naming collisions with Hono's built-in Env type. Then import and pass this interface to Hono: `const app = new Hono<{ Bindings: CloudflareBindings }>()`
Use Cloudflare bindings in middleware
In Module Worker mode, access bindings in middleware by pulling them from context and passing to middleware functions. Example: in basicAuth middleware, pass `c.env.USERNAME` and `c.env.PASSWORD` as options: `const auth = basicAuth({ username: c.env.USERNAME, password: c.env.PASSWORD })`. This applies to all middleware needing environment variables.
Configure environment variables for Cloudflare Workers local development
Create a `.dev.vars` or `.env` file in the project root using dotenv syntax to set environment variables for local development. For example: `SECRET_KEY=value` and `API_TOKEN=eyJhbGc...`. Access these in handlers via `c.env.*`.
Access environment variables in Cloudflare Workers
Access environment variables via `c.env.*` in handlers. By default, `process.env` is not available in Cloudflare Workers. To use `process.env`, enable the `nodejs_compat_populate_process_env` compatibility flag, or import `env` from `cloudflare:workers`.
Set Cloudflare Workers environment variables before deployment
Before deploying to Cloudflare, set environment variables and secrets in the Cloudflare Workers project configuration via the Cloudflare dashboard, as documented in Cloudflare's environment variables guide.
Lambda@Edge Bindings with callback
When using Lambda@Edge callback, define the Bindings type to include: callback of type Callback from 'hono/lambda-edge', and request of type CloudFrontRequest from 'hono/lambda-edge'. Pass these bindings to Hono using type parameter: new Hono<{ Bindings: Bindings }>()
Netlify Context with geo data example
Example showing how to access Netlify's Context in a Hono app on Netlify Edge Functions. Define Env type with Bindings containing context: Context imported from 'https://edge.netlify.com/'. Create a Hono app typed with <Env>. Use c.env.context.geo.country?.name to access the user's country information and return it as JSON.
Access raw Node.js APIs from context
Access raw Node.js request and response objects through c.env.incoming and c.env.outgoing in handlers. Use HttpBindings or Http2Bindings type from '@hono/node-server' to type the context bindings.
Raw Node.js API access example
Example of accessing raw Node.js APIs in Hono on Node.js: import { Hono } from 'hono' import { serve, type HttpBindings } from '@hono/node-server' type Bindings = HttpBindings & { /* ... */ } const app = new Hono<{ Bindings: Bindings }>() app.get('/', (c) => { return c.json({ remoteAddress: c.env.incoming.socket.remoteAddress, }) }) serve(app)
Testing c.env with app.request
To set c.env for testing, pass an environment object as the third parameter to app.request. This is useful for mocking Cloudflare Workers Bindings and other environment variables. Example: const MOCK_ENV = { API_HOST: 'example.com', DB: { prepare: () => {} } }; const res = await app.request('/posts', {}, MOCK_ENV);
Context object in Hono
Hono provides a Context object that enables easy access to Request/Response.